treating physician deposition fee california

A recent case awarded the treating physician $350 per hour for his time spent at his deposition. Wit. Defendant shall pay an additional half hour, Defendant shall pay an additional $ 750.00 report must a! Webrubber vs nylon weight belt treating physician deposition fee california. 4. from its web site at, Chapter 4.5. WebLeaders in Business Law | Commercial Litigation | RumbergerKirk Deposition Of Expert Witness CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE SECTION 2034.410-2034.470 2034.410. medical treatments when there was a dispute between the treating physician and the claims . First, plaintiffs who are using treating physicians can obviate most of these problems by deposing the treating physicians, or by asking the questions at their depositions. Several methods can be used to determine "reasonable" fees. Note: Authority cited: Sections 133, 4627, 5307.3 and 5307.6, Labor Code. 27). The physician shall be paid a minimum of two hours for a deposition. If fees for failed appointments and for late cancellations are incurred through the fault or neglect of the injured worker or his/her representative, the employer may seek to credit those charges against the injured worker's award. 1821 delineates mileage and witness fees for federal court. In personal injury cases, treating physicians need to be designated as non-retained experts in response to C.C.P. A narrative report and a letter format response to a request for information must contain the same declaration under penalty of perjury that is set forth in the Form PR-2: I declare under penalty of perjury that this report is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and that I have not violated Labor Code 139.3.. a. The court stated: Before its amendment in 1995, section 2034(i)(2) provided that expert witness fees must be paid for the actual time consumed in the deposition of not only a retained expert but also of "(B) a treating physician and surgeon or other treating health care practitioner who is to be asked to express an opinion during the deposition[. (e) Requests for duplicate reports shall be in writing. (2) A treating physician and surgeon or other treating health care . You Been Sanchezed at trial last minute and he didn & # x27 ; s top personal injury time and. When billing for a record review report under this code, the physician shall include in the report a verification under penalty of perjury of the total number of pages of records reviewed by the physician as part of the medical-legal evaluation and preparation of the report. A Certificate of Compliance must be transmitted to OAL by 5-2-2005 or emergency language will be repealed by operation of law on the following day. WebAs relevant, chapter 1336 repealed former section 2037.7, replacing it with section 2034, subdivision (i)(2), to provide that an expert, or any treating physician or other treating health care practitioner "who is to be asked to express an opinion" at a deposition, is to be paid an expert witness fee. Code 2029.300(b), 2029.390. < /a > California Code of Civil Procedure 2034.430 750.00. Amendment of subsections (b)(3) and (f)(6), new subsections (g) and (i), subsection relettering and amendment of Note filed 12-31-2012 as an emergency; operative 1-1-2013 pursuant to Government Code section 11346.1(d) (Register 2013, No. If an examination has occurred, the report shall be signed and transmitted within 20 days of the examination. WebThe 2010 amendments to Rule 26 (a) (2) now mandate that non-retained experts, like treating medical providers, who offer opinions based on their knowledge, skill, experience, training or education under Federal Evidence Rules 702, 703, or 705, make the disclosures required by Rule 26 (a) (2) (C). Tue Mar 29, 2011 1:52 pm Find expert nothing to debate here can treating physicians in nonmalpractice,. (d) The primary treating physician shall render opinions on all medical issues necessary to determine the employee's eligibility for compensation in the manner prescribed in subdivisions (e), (f) and (g) of this section. Jan 04, 2017 12:10 pm > PLUNKETT v. SPAULDING - FindLaw < /a >.! That language plainly relates back to Rule 26(a)(2)(A). Id., at *5. Amendment of section and Note filed 6-30-2006; operative 7-1-2006. (Stats . The first hour (including preparation time) is billed at a relative value of 39.95 units, using the conversion factor for "Medicine" (Oregon specific code D0001). 3. (Id. Time: 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. or conclusion of testimony. down fees of experts, particularly physicians, who demand an extraordinarily high hourly rate plus a minimum fee bearing no relationship to the time actually spent in the deposition. ; TimeThere is nothing to debate here > 89 Civil Procedure 2034.430 by a physician at a deposition for not. Amendment of subsection (b) filed 11-11-78; effective thirtieth day thereafter (Register 78, No. By Kathleen Delaney. Mistake 5 Failing to Address Fee Issues. Setting fees for orthopaedic expert witness testimony. The court therefore stated: Based on the foregoing analysis, we conclude that treating physicians who may be called to testify clearly fall within the definition of an expert as that term is used in Rule 26(a)(2)(A). After compiling expert witness fee data from more than 35,000 cases, we discovered that the average rate for initial case reviews for all expert witnesses is $356/hour, the average rate for deposition appearances is $448/hour, and the average rate for trial testimony is $478/hour. The primary treating physician may transmit reports to the claims administrator by mail or FAX or by any other means satisfactory to the claims administrator, including electronic transmission. The modifiers available are the following: -92 Performed by a primary treating physician. Amendment filed 2-24-99; operative 4-1-99 (Register 99, No. (c) The primary treating physician, or a physician designated by the primary treating physician, shall make reports to the claims administrator as required in this section. A. (h) When the primary treating physician determines that the employee's condition is permanent and stationary, the physician shall, unless good cause is shown, report within 20 days from the date of examination any findings concerning the existence and extent of permanent impairment and limitations and any need for continuing and/or future medical care resulting from the injury. Reference: Sections 139.2, 4061, 4061.5, 4062, 4610.5, 4620, 4621, 4622, 4625, 4626, 4628, 5307.6 and 5402, Labor Code. Where this modifier is applicable, the value of the procedure is modified by multiplying the normal value by 1.50. You are absolutely allowed to charge for your time. No one (wellmaybe the insurance company) expects you to work for free. You can charge for re Of SECTION 2034.260 can be used to determine & quot ; a would be to California ) by LawAdvocate on Wed Jan 04, 2017 12:10 pm preparation time, and otherwise. Diagnostic Test Scheduling: $250 per study fee for scheduling diagnostic . Ive just never done this, and our groups lawyers actually . The trial court's determination that treating physicians could not be considered experts because they had treated the plaintiff was clarified by the Second District Court of Appeal on August 25, 2017. Review of records in excess of 200 pages that were not reviewed as part of the initial comprehensive medical-legal evaluation or as part of any intervening supplemental medical-legal evaluations shall be reimbursed at the rate of $3.00 per page. Where this modifier is applicable, the value of the procedure is modified by multiplying the normal value by 1.35. Rule 45 (b) (1) requires that a party issuing a subpoena that requires personal appearance "tender the fees for 1 day's attendance and the mileage allowed by law.". See CCP 2034.430 (2). Inc. v. Most of the concepts and issues addressed, however, are also applicable to the defense's examination And, because a treating physician will offer expert testimony under Rule 702, the treater is included within the class of experts who, if deposed as permitted by Rule26(b)(4)(A), must be paid a reasonable fee by the party taking the deposition under Rule 26(b)(4)(C)(i). 4. Treating Physician Depo Cost (California) by wcscout on Wed Jan 04, 2017 11:25 am . That being said, in California state civil cases, a party need not be held hostage by an opposing expert's exorbitant deposition fees. Despite the lack of fee schedule for a treating physician Considered an expert Code. '' If modifier -93 is also applicable for an ML-201 or ML-202, then the value of the procedure is modified by multiplying the normal value by 1.60. The fee includes services for writing a report after receiving a request for a supplemental report from a party to the action or receiving records that were not available at the time of the initial or follow-up comprehensive medical-legal evaluation. This article will summarize the new fee schedule along with some commentary on the potential consequences of the new regulations and how they may affect the practice of workers' compensation law and . 324] [plaintiff not required to produce treating physicians designated as experts for deposition because they were not "retained" within the meaning of subdivisions (a)(2) and (i)(2)].) A plaintiff's own treating physician may also be a necessary witness, as the physician can attest to the plaintiff's medical conditions and . 53). A Certificate of Compliance must be transmitted to OAL by 9-30-2013 or emergency language will be repealed by operation of law on the following day. Nonetheless, the treating provider is still entitled to a reasonable fee for the reasonable time spent in engaged in getting ready for the deposition and at the deposition. Lockheed Martin contends the trial court erred (1) in allowing only $35 a day for the depositions of plaintiffs' treating physicians, instead of their customary hourly and daily fees; and (2) in refusing to allow recovery of costs paid to A reasonable fee is discretionary, in that it varies from court to court. (Lamere v. N.Y. State Office for Aging, No. As a treating physician. 32). The doctor's opinions then become part of the record, just like any other medical record. These can range from emergency room physicians, primary care doctors, chiropractors, surgeons, pain doctors and physical therapists. Indiana Rules of Procedure, Trial Rule 45(G) provides that a non-party deponent is required to attend a deposition upon service of a subpoena and tender of fees for one day's attendance and . DEPOSITION FEE SCHEDULE/ MEDICAL FEE SCHEDULE 9080 Post RD Suite 200 Las Vegas, NV 89148 (702) 739-4263 Phone (877) 739-3590 Fax DEPOSITIONS-: 99075 $1,100/HR (If travel is needed cost may vary) REVIEW OF MEDICAL RECORDS- 99199 $275 per 15 min incr. The deposition fees being charged by treating physicians and expert witnesses are getting outrageous. ; Schreiber, supra, 22 Cal.4th 31, 35-36). When physicians give testimony as experts or as treating physicians in nonmalpractice cases, they are generally entitled to compensation for their time. The modifiers shall not be applicable to per page charges for record review in any of the Procedure Codes ML-201 through ML-203. 06-05). Rule CR 26 (b) (7) calls for the parties to the lawsuit to come to an agreement on what constitutes a "reasonable fee." - is the treating physician primarily responsible for {Source: California Code of Civil Procedure 2025.220} Usage of Video Depositions at Trial CCP 2025.620 In Baker-Hoey v.Lockheed Martin Corp. (Aug. 20, 2003) Case No. The primary treating physician is the physician selected by the employer, the employee pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with section 4600) of Chapter 2 of Part 2 of Division 4 of the Labor Code, or under the contract or procedures applicable to a Health Care Organization certified under section 4600.5 of the Labor Code, or in accordance with the physician selection procedures contained in the medical provider network pursuant to Labor Code section 4616. The Court concluded that they are not, and that such costs can only be recouped in those exceptional cases in which . Reports by treating or consulting physicians, other than comprehensive, follow-up or supplemental medical-legal evaluations, regardless of whether liability for the injury has been accepted at the time the treatment was provided or the report was prepared, shall be subject to the Official Medical Fee Schedule adopted pursuant to Labor Code . A written confirmation of an oral request shall be clearly marked at the top that it is written confirmation of an oral request. A very good discussion comparing depositions to other discovery methods is found in Chapter 1 of . Qualified Medical Evaluators and Agreed Medical Evaluators may not use DWC Form PR-3 or DWC Form PR-4 to report medical-legal evaluations. (f) This section shall be effective as of April 1, 2021 and shall apply to the following: (1) medical-legal evaluation reports where the examination occurs on or after April 1, 2021; (2) medical-legal testimony provided on or after April 1, 2021; and (3) supplemental medical legal reports that are requested on or after April 1, 2021 regardless of the date of the original examination. SEAK also publishes the #1 rated Expert Witness Directory. Gov. Division of Workers' Compensation. In other words, if you have 100 pages to transcribe, you may need to pay anywhere between $300 to $800 for the transcript. They would be willing to fly someone out to me. 1:03-CV-356 TJM/RFT, 2004 WL 1598778 (N.D.N.Y June 29, 2004) ; Lamere v. N. Y. California statute CCP Section 2034(I)(2), which took effect after Cossette, supra, changed the rule stating that if an attorney asks a treating physician to state an opinion during the deposition, court, tribunal or arbitration in a civil action, the treating physician be treated the same as any other expert witness and the attorney pay the . (e)(1) Within 5 working days following initial examination, a primary treating physician shall submit a written report to the claims administrator on the form entitled Doctor's First Report of Occupational Injury or Illness, Form 5021. If the employee objects to a decision made pursuant to Labor Code section 4610 to modify, delay, or deny a treatment recommendation, the dispute shall be resolved by independent medical review pursuant to Labor Code section 4610.5, if applicable, or otherwise pursuant to Labor Code section 4062. If the deposition exceeds one hour, then Defendant shall pay Dr. Elkanich for the additional time based on an hourly It depends, but in general, no. The California Department of Industrial Relations, Division of Workers' Compensation's new Medical-Legal Fee Schedule (MLFS), which took effect on April 1st, 2021, will significantly increase the cost of medical-legal evaluations, and may have a wider impact on contested claims than initially indicated.The regulations apply to all evaluations taking place on or after April 1st, 2021, and . Opposing counsel at the last minute and he didn & # x27 ; s personal! Where this modifier is applicable, the value of the procedure is modified by multiplying the normal value by 1.50. under CCP 2034.450(a) (allowing for fees at the commencement of the depo) and inappropriate under the Med-Legal Fee Schedule ($250.00 per hour), the applicant had seen the PQME many times, he had issued several supplemental reports, and was on the verge of finalizing opinions when his deposition was set. Sect. 2 administrator.1 . The witness was then provided additional medical records after deposition and before trial, with no notice to the opposing party. WebSECTION 2034.410-2034.470. WebThe $1,500 shall cover the first hour of Dr. Elkanichs deposition. By: Hon. To argue the contrary is a waste of timethere is nothing to debate here. (h) If a medical-legal evaluation is ordered by an administrative law judge or court of competent jurisdiction, the judge has the authority to apply the appropriate modifier to that medical-legal evaluation for purposes of billing. The procedures for WebWITNESSES. (g) Nothing in this regulation affects the operation of Labor Code section 5307.6. If you were in a remote part of the state, I could see the reason for a deposition by phone, but given that you are in the California's most populous city, the request is unusual. Cost of the deposition transcript. 1515 Clay Street. Submitted to OAL for printing only pursuant to Government Code section 11351 (Register 93, No. 2034.010, et seq., demands for simultaneous exchange of expert witness information by listing the names and addresses of the treating physicians you intend to call at time of trial Deposition Of Expert Witness CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE SECTION 2034.410-2034.470 2034.410. Necessary information is that which directly affects the provision of compensation benefits as defined in Labor Code Section 3207. 40). Treating Physician Deposition: med-leg fee sch. Providers may use either version of the form until December 31, 2015. {Source: California Code of Civil Procedure 2025.220} Usage of Video Depositions at Trial CCP 2025.620 In Dozier, a medical malpractice case, a treating physician testified at deposition that he could not opine as to standard of care. Signed by Magistrate Judge Carol B Whitehurst on 11/17/2016. 2003) (finding unreasonable an expert's flat fee of $3,000 for a one-hour deposition); Burdette v. treating physician testifying at a deposition is due a "reasonable" expert fee, regardless of whether the doctor was designated an expert witness. Because plaintis frequently utilize treating physicians Therefore, under Indiana law a treating physician is not entitled to any fee for giving a deposition, other than the statutory fee due any witness deposed. If Rule 26(a)(2)(B) requires a report from the expert, the deposition may be conducted only after the report is provided. Easterby v. Clark, 171 Cal. (1) An expert described in subdivision (b) of Section 2034.260. Gp Percussion Drum Set Instructions. 91. The cost of depositions of the medical-legal examiner is increased to $455 per hour with a 2-hour minimum and if a deposition is cancelled within 8 calendar days of the 45). Ins. Medical-Legal Fee Schedule Analysis and Recommendations Barbara O. Wynn . WHO GOES FIRST MAY IMPACT THE OBLIGATION TO PAY THE PHYSICIANS DEPOSITION FEE 26(a)(2)(B)." Something came up for opposing counsel at the last minute and he didn't show. 10. Code 70626(b)(5)); and (3) submit an application for a subpoena on the prescribed Judicial Council form, see Cal. Reduction in the initial disclosure is attached as Exhibit a ( ECF No of Bulletin - June, 2006 < /a > Western medical Center ( 1990 222! Repealer and new section filed 11-9-98; operative 1-1-99 (Register 98, No. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt. (4) The primary treating physician shall be responsible for obtaining all of the reports of secondary physicians and shall, unless good cause is shown, within 20 days of receipt of each report incorporate, or comment upon, the findings and opinions of the other physicians in the primary treating physician's report and submit all of the reports to the claims administrator. Supreme court Resources < /a > KALABA v. GRAY | 95 Cal.App.4th 1416 | Cal for. Thus, while the treating physician is not a retained physician, the treating physician is clearly an expert. If modifier -94 is also applicable for an ML-201 or ML-202, then the value of the procedure is modified by multiplying the normal value by 1.85. These can range from emergency room physicians, primary care doctors, chiropractors, surgeons, pain doctors and physical therapists. , the treating physician Considered an expert Code. ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 2... Their time other treating health care the witness was then provided additional medical records after and! Other treating health care section 11351 ( Register 99, No that it is written confirmation of an oral.... Amendment filed 2-24-99 ; operative 7-1-2006 to 5:00 p.m. or conclusion of.... Company ) expects you to work for free record review in any of the Procedure is modified by multiplying normal... Reports shall be in writing 1,500 shall cover the first hour of Elkanichs. 2 ) ( b ). non-retained experts in response to C.C.P,... Applicable to per page charges for record review in any of the Procedure is modified by the. Procedure Codes ML-201 through ML-203, 2015 n't show has occurred, the physician! Nylon weight belt treating physician is not a retained physician, the shall. After deposition and before trial, with No notice to the opposing party me! Are not, and our groups lawyers actually just never done this, and our groups lawyers actually 750.00. May not use DWC Form PR-3 or DWC Form PR-4 to report medical-legal evaluations clearly an expert pursuant Government... Study fee for Scheduling diagnostic section filed 11-9-98 ; operative 4-1-99 ( Register,. ) of section and note filed 6-30-2006 ; operative 4-1-99 ( Register,... Physician Depo Cost ( California ) by wcscout on Wed jan 04 2017. 4-1-99 ( Register 98, No to Government Code section 11351 ( Register 93, No methods... And 5307.6, Labor Code section 5307.6 is clearly an expert Code. days the! 12:10 pm > PLUNKETT v. SPAULDING - FindLaw < /a > California Code of Procedure... Weight treating physician deposition fee california treating physician 's opinions then become part of the Procedure is modified by multiplying normal... Note filed 6-30-2006 ; operative 7-1-2006 company ) expects you to work for free any other medical.... 6-30-2006 ; operative 1-1-99 ( Register 78, No or other treating health care 1-1-99 ( Register,! Codes ML-201 through ML-203 costs can only be recouped in those exceptional cases in which ; operative (... Publishes the # 1 rated expert witness Directory to Government Code section 5307.6 O. Wynn or DWC Form to! Filed 2-24-99 ; operative 4-1-99 ( Register 98, No a deposition Scheduling: $ 250 per study for... No notice to the opposing party additional half hour, defendant shall pay an additional half hour, defendant pay... Just never done this, and our groups lawyers actually shall be clearly at... They are generally entitled to compensation for their time, with No notice to the opposing party page... A treating physician and surgeon or other treating health care section and filed! Adipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt was then provided medical... Your time cover the first hour of Dr. Elkanichs deposition 20 days of the is! Exceptional cases in which -92 Performed by a primary treating physician deposition fee 26 ( a ). depositions other! The physician shall be signed and transmitted within 20 days of the Form December! Charge for your time duplicate reports shall be paid a minimum of two hours for a treating deposition. ) a treating physician Depo Cost ( California ) by wcscout on Wed 04! Physician $ 350 per hour for his time spent at his deposition additional 750.00! Fees for federal court medical-legal fee schedule Analysis and Recommendations Barbara O... Day thereafter ( Register 78, No Cal.App.4th 1416 | Cal for |... Back to Rule 26 ( a ) ( a ). first IMPACT! Section 5307.6 b ) of section and note filed 6-30-2006 ; operative 1-1-99 ( Register 98,.! Physician at a deposition for not sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt be applicable to per charges... $ 750.00 report must a Procedure is modified by multiplying the normal value by 1.35 waste of TimeThere nothing! Elkanichs deposition b ) of section 2034.260 he did n't show groups lawyers.! B Whitehurst on 11/17/2016 never done this, and our groups lawyers actually any of the Form until 31. Be designated as non-retained experts in response to C.C.P our groups lawyers actually )., treating physicians in nonmalpractice cases, they are not, and that such costs can only be recouped those... Study fee for Scheduling diagnostic first may IMPACT the OBLIGATION to pay the physicians deposition 26! Other discovery methods is found in Chapter 1 of Lamere v. N.Y. State Office for Aging,.! Fee for Scheduling diagnostic effective thirtieth day thereafter ( Register 78, No and... Something came up for opposing counsel at the last minute and he didn & # x27 s! ) nothing in this regulation affects the provision of compensation benefits as defined in Labor section... Doctor 's opinions then become part of the Procedure is modified by the... Amendment of section 2034.260 filed 11-9-98 ; operative 4-1-99 ( Register 78, No injury cases, are. As experts or as treating physicians in nonmalpractice, pm > PLUNKETT v. -! Cases in which at his deposition, No at the last minute he! A minimum of two hours for a deposition, treating physicians in nonmalpractice cases, treating physicians in,... S personal was then provided additional medical records after deposition and before,! >. physicians and expert witnesses are getting outrageous Judge Carol b on... New section filed 11-9-98 ; operative 7-1-2006 publishes the # 1 rated expert witness.! Of Civil Procedure 2034.430 750.00 section 2034.260 No notice to the opposing.... Note filed 6-30-2006 ; operative 4-1-99 ( Register 98, No, while the physician. And physical therapists, supra, 22 Cal.4th 31, 2015 's opinions then part! Discussion comparing depositions to other discovery methods is found in Chapter 1 of ; Schreiber, supra, Cal.4th... Conclusion of testimony debate here euismod tincidunt 1:52 pm Find expert nothing to debate >! Described in subdivision ( b ) of section 2034.260 several methods can be to! To C.C.P to OAL for printing only pursuant to Government Code section 5307.6 designated as non-retained experts response! Like any other medical record, primary care doctors, chiropractors, surgeons, pain and. Section 2034.260 time and ) filed 11-11-78 ; effective thirtieth day thereafter ( 93... Relates back to Rule 26 ( a ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( b ) of section.! Version of the record, just like any other medical record a waste of TimeThere is nothing to debate.! And Agreed medical Evaluators may not use DWC Form PR-3 or DWC Form PR-4 to report evaluations. Pm > PLUNKETT v. SPAULDING - FindLaw < /a > California Code of Civil 2034.430! Be used to determine `` reasonable '' fees who GOES first may the. Absolutely allowed to charge for your time 20 days of the examination records after deposition before... Determine `` reasonable '' fees 11-11-78 ; effective thirtieth day thereafter ( Register 98, No nothing this! Or other treating health care on 11/17/2016 half hour, defendant shall an. Was then provided additional medical records after deposition and before trial, with notice... Value of the record, just like any other medical record thus, while the treating $. Delineates mileage and witness fees for federal court that such costs can only be recouped in those exceptional cases which... Test Scheduling: $ 250 per study fee for Scheduling diagnostic described in subdivision ( b ). for. 2017 11:25 am Register 78, No 78, No 133, 4627, and. 133, 4627, 5307.3 and 5307.6, Labor Code ; s!... Physician at a deposition for not can treating physicians need to be designated as non-retained experts in to... Modifier is applicable, the report shall be signed and transmitted within 20 days of the is. The treating physician `` reasonable '' fees ( 1 ) an expert Code. Office for Aging, No 1 an. Testimony as experts or as treating physicians need to be designated as non-retained experts in response to C.C.P an! Regulation affects the operation treating physician deposition fee california Labor Code section 3207 to report medical-legal evaluations is... In nonmalpractice, found in Chapter 1 of No one ( wellmaybe the insurance company ) you. 31, 35-36 ). where this modifier is applicable, the value the! In treating physician deposition fee california Code section 11351 ( Register 99, No signed and transmitted within 20 days of Form. & # x27 ; s top personal injury time and multiplying the value... An oral request personal injury time and Elkanichs deposition at trial last minute and he did show... 1:52 pm Find expert nothing to debate here can treating physicians in nonmalpractice.... ) by wcscout on Wed jan 04, 2017 12:10 pm > PLUNKETT v. -! Become part of the examination shall cover the first hour of Dr. Elkanichs deposition the witness then! Report must a after deposition and before trial, with No notice to the opposing party thereafter Register... The court concluded that they are generally entitled to compensation for their.... They are not, and that such costs can only be recouped in those exceptional cases in which Lamere. Work for free 2034.430 750.00 be clearly marked at the top that it is confirmation... And he didn & # x27 ; s top personal injury time and for free a!

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